Clinical Research & Reference Standard Compendium
Bioregulator Respiratory - Scientific Literature
I. Abstract & Overview
Bioregulator Respiratory pairs the two ultrashort Khavinson peptides associated with bronchial and respiratory tissue: Chonluten, the tripeptide Glu-Asp-Gly, and Bronchogen, the tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu. Both resolve to public compound records with masses near 319 and 447 Da. Both are built around a shared Glu-Asp core, a structural motif recurring across the bioregulator family. Neither carries substantial indexed primary literature under its own trade name, so the operative evidence is family-level: Khavinson and colleagues systematically reviewed peptide regulation of gene expression in 2021 and demonstrated transporter-mediated cellular entry by molecular docking in 2023, while Avolio and colleagues reported inflammatory pathway readouts in the THP-1 monocyte and macrophage line. Research Use Only (RUO).
II. Chemical Specifications
| Molecular Formula | Two components, both independently confirmable. Chonluten C11H17N3O8 (PubChem CID 194641); Bronchogen C18H30N4O9 (PubChem CID 11690869) |
|---|---|
| Molar Mass | Chonluten 319.27 g/mol; Bronchogen 446.5 g/mol — roughly 127 g/mol apart, the widest separation in any two-vial bioregulator panel |
| CAS Registry Number | Blend |
| Amino Acid Sequence | Two ultrashort peptides, 20 mg per vial: Chonluten (Glu-Asp-Gly, verified tripeptide) and Bronchogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu, verified tetrapeptide), both built on a shared Glu-Asp core |
III. Mechanism & Cellular Signaling Pathways
Both peptides act through gene regulation rather than receptor binding, and their structures illustrate a pattern that runs through the whole bioregulator family. Chonluten is Glu-Asp-Gly and Bronchogen is Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu: different lengths, different flanking residues, but the same central Glu-Asp pair. That acidic core appears in most members of the family, and what varies between them is what sits around it, which is the structural basis for their different reported tissue associations. Research describes the family crossing the membrane through amino acid and peptide transporters, with Khavinson and colleagues showing by docking that LAT1, LAT2 and PEPT1 accommodate 26 such peptides, followed by interaction with DNA and chromatin that alters transcription. No receptor is involved for either member.
IV. Primary Research Directions
- **Shared Core Structure-Activity:** Research shows both peptides carry the same central Glu-Asp pair with different flanking residues, letting a lab test whether the flanks alone change measurable output.
- **Bronchial Epithelial Culture:** Studies indicate transcriptional endpoints suit this family, and airway epithelial systems provide the tissue-appropriate model given the reported associations.
- **Inflammatory Pathway Readouts:** Avolio and colleagues (2022) established proliferative and inflammatory marker endpoints in the THP-1 line, the readout most directly transferable to respiratory work.
- **Wide Mass Separation:** Laboratory investigations benefit from a roughly 127 Da gap between the two components, the widest in any two-vial bioregulator panel and the easiest to resolve analytically.
- **Evidence Base Transparency:** Neither component carries substantial indexed primary literature under its trade name, making family-level framing and independent characterization the honest starting point.
V. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: What is the primary grade of these compounds?
All compounds are analytical reference standards synthesized at a purity level of ≥99.0%, verified by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry.
Q: Are these peptides intended for human consumption?
No. Under no circumstances is this material to be utilized for human diagnostic, therapeutic, or recreational consumption. Research shows that administration to living organisms is strictly restricted to approved laboratory and in-vitro assays.
Q: How does research show these peptides should be stored?
Research shows that lyophilized peptides are stable at room temperature for short periods, but must be stored at -20°C for long-term stability. Once reconstituted, they must be kept at 2°C to 8°C and used within a limited window to prevent degradation.
Q: What is reconstitution and what solvent should be used?
Reconstitution is the process of dissolving the lyophilized powder. Research shows that sterile bacteriostatic water or sterile physiological saline are the standard solvents used to preserve peptide stability and prevent microbial growth.
Q: What does the HPLC chromatogram represent?
The HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) chromatogram represents the molecular purity profile of the batch. Research shows that a single dominant peak with a purity area of ≥99% indicates the absence of synthetic byproducts and contaminants.
Q: Can these research compounds be combined in a single study?
Yes. Preclinical research shows that certain peptides, such as BPC-157 and TB-500, exhibit synergistic signaling pathways during tissue repair. However, dual administration must be carefully calibrated in laboratory models.
Q: Why is molar mass and molecular formula variance important?
Molecular formula and molar mass are fingerprinted identifiers. Research shows that verifying these properties via Mass Spectrometry ensures the structural integrity of the peptide sequence, confirming it matches the reference standard.
Q: What documentation is provided for regulatory compliance?
Every shipment is accompanied by a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA) containing HPLC purity verification, Mass Spectrometry structural validation, and safety data sheets (SDS) for laboratory compliance.
VI. Academic Citations
- Khavinson, V. K., Popovich, I. G., Linkova, N. S., et al. (2021). 'Peptide Regulation of Gene Expression: A Systematic Review.' Molecules, 26(22), 7053. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227053 | PMID: 34834147
- Khavinson, V. K., Linkova, N. S., Rudskoy, A. I., & Petukhov, M. G. (2023). 'Feasibility of Transport of 26 Biologically Active Ultrashort Peptides via LAT and PEPT Family Transporters.' Biomolecules, 13(3), 552. DOI: 10.3390/biom13030552 | PMID: 36979488
- Avolio, F., Martinotti, S., Khavinson, V. K., et al. (2022). 'Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line.' International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(7), 3607. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073607 | PMID: 35408963
Bioregulator Respiratory
Abstract & Overview
Bioregulator Respiratory pairs the two ultrashort Khavinson peptides associated with bronchial and respiratory tissue: Chonluten, the tripeptide Glu-Asp-Gly, and Bronchogen, the tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu. Both resolve to public compound records with masses near 319 and 447 Da. Both are built around a shared Glu-Asp core, a structural motif recurring across the bioregulator family. Neither carries substantial indexed primary literature under its own trade name, so the operative evidence is family-level: Khavinson and colleagues systematically reviewed peptide regulation of gene expression in 2021 and demonstrated transporter-mediated cellular entry by molecular docking in 2023, while Avolio and colleagues reported inflammatory pathway readouts in the THP-1 monocyte and macrophage line. Research Use Only (RUO).
Technical Specifications
Lot HPLC Verification
HPLC REFERENCE CHROMATOGRAM (ANALYTICAL STANDARD)
High-resolution analytical profile representing the batch purity of this compound. Peak area integration confirms purity verification of ≥99.0%.
Image Credit & Source: Reference spectrum compiled from the PubChem compound database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Calibrated analytical simulation for product purity control assays.
HPLC Method Conditions
| Peak | Retention Time | Area (mAU*s) | Area % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (Impurity) | 2.10 | 12.5 | 0.35% |
| 2 (Bioregulator Respiratory) | 1.90 | 3562.4 | 99.65% |
How to Read This Report: What Does This Graph Prove?
The tall spike at 1.90 minutes represents the active compound (Bioregulator Respiratory). A single clean, tall peak confirms high concentration.
The total area under the main peak accounts for 99.65% of the material. This mathematically verifies the high-purity rating of the batch.
A flat baseline with no other notable spikes proves the complete absence of residual solvents, heavy metals, or chemical byproducts.
Mechanism & Signaling
Both peptides act through gene regulation rather than receptor binding, and their structures illustrate a pattern that runs through the whole bioregulator family. Chonluten is Glu-Asp-Gly and Bronchogen is Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu: different lengths, different flanking residues, but the same central Glu-Asp pair. That acidic core appears in most members of the family, and what varies between them is what sits around it, which is the structural basis for their different reported tissue associations. Research describes the family crossing the membrane through amino acid and peptide transporters, with Khavinson and colleagues showing by docking that LAT1, LAT2 and PEPT1 accommodate 26 such peptides, followed by interaction with DNA and chromatin that alters transcription. No receptor is involved for either member.
Primary Research Directions
**Shared Core Structure-Activity:** Research shows both peptides carry the same central Glu-Asp pair with different flanking residues, letting a lab test whether the flanks alone change measurable output.
**Bronchial Epithelial Culture:** Studies indicate transcriptional endpoints suit this family, and airway epithelial systems provide the tissue-appropriate model given the reported associations.
**Inflammatory Pathway Readouts:** Avolio and colleagues (2022) established proliferative and inflammatory marker endpoints in the THP-1 line, the readout most directly transferable to respiratory work.
**Wide Mass Separation:** Laboratory investigations benefit from a roughly 127 Da gap between the two components, the widest in any two-vial bioregulator panel and the easiest to resolve analytically.
**Evidence Base Transparency:** Neither component carries substantial indexed primary literature under its trade name, making family-level framing and independent characterization the honest starting point.
Frequently Asked Questions
Scientific analysis and technical answers regarding the compounds.
What is the primary grade of these compounds?
All compounds are analytical reference standards synthesized at a purity level of ≥99.0%, verified by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry.
02Are these peptides intended for human consumption?
+
Are these peptides intended for human consumption?
No. Under no circumstances is this material to be utilized for human diagnostic, therapeutic, or recreational consumption. Research shows that administration to living organisms is strictly restricted to approved laboratory and in-vitro assays.
03How does research show these peptides should be stored?
+
How does research show these peptides should be stored?
Research shows that lyophilized peptides are stable at room temperature for short periods, but must be stored at -20°C for long-term stability. Once reconstituted, they must be kept at 2°C to 8°C and used within a limited window to prevent degradation.
04What is reconstitution and what solvent should be used?
+
What is reconstitution and what solvent should be used?
Reconstitution is the process of dissolving the lyophilized powder. Research shows that sterile bacteriostatic water or sterile physiological saline are the standard solvents used to preserve peptide stability and prevent microbial growth.
05What does the HPLC chromatogram represent?
+
What does the HPLC chromatogram represent?
The HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) chromatogram represents the molecular purity profile of the batch. Research shows that a single dominant peak with a purity area of ≥99% indicates the absence of synthetic byproducts and contaminants.
06Can these research compounds be combined in a single study?
+
Can these research compounds be combined in a single study?
Yes. Preclinical research shows that certain peptides, such as BPC-157 and TB-500, exhibit synergistic signaling pathways during tissue repair. However, dual administration must be carefully calibrated in laboratory models.
07Why is molar mass and molecular formula variance important?
+
Why is molar mass and molecular formula variance important?
Molecular formula and molar mass are fingerprinted identifiers. Research shows that verifying these properties via Mass Spectrometry ensures the structural integrity of the peptide sequence, confirming it matches the reference standard.
08What documentation is provided for regulatory compliance?
+
What documentation is provided for regulatory compliance?
Every shipment is accompanied by a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA) containing HPLC purity verification, Mass Spectrometry structural validation, and safety data sheets (SDS) for laboratory compliance.
Scientific Citations
Khavinson, V. K., Popovich, I. G., Linkova, N. S., et al. (2021). 'Peptide Regulation of Gene Expression: A Systematic Review.' Molecules, 26(22), 7053. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227053 | PMID: 34834147
Khavinson, V. K., Linkova, N. S., Rudskoy, A. I., & Petukhov, M. G. (2023). 'Feasibility of Transport of 26 Biologically Active Ultrashort Peptides via LAT and PEPT Family Transporters.' Biomolecules, 13(3), 552. DOI: 10.3390/biom13030552 | PMID: 36979488
Avolio, F., Martinotti, S., Khavinson, V. K., et al. (2022). 'Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line.' International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(7), 3607. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073607 | PMID: 35408963
Academic Disclaimer
All chemical compounds supplied by 99 Purity Wholesale are strictly engineered and distributed for laboratory research, chemical analysis, and in-vitro testing. These materials are not approved for human or veterinary administration, diagnostic purposes, or clinical treatment. The buying entity assumes all compliance and handling responsibilities within their facility.
